These Test Series help the Community Health Officer (CHO), Railway, AIIMS, PGI, NORCET, Staff Nurse, Nursing Officer, NEET, And Other Medical and nonmedical exams.
#1. The drug administered during acute anaphylactic reaction is
Explanation: Injection of epinephrine (Adrenaline) is the firstaid medication of choice for anaphylaxis, as recommended in all anaphylaxis guidelines. Adrenaline helps to relieve the symptoms of anaphylaxis by causing vasoconstriction, and opening up airways. This prevents the blood pressure from dropping and makes breathing easier.
#2. Which of the following is NOT an osmotic diuretic
Explanation: Furusemide is a loop diuretic. All other drugs given above are osmotic diuretics
#3. The diuretics should be administered early in the morning to
Explanation: Diuretics increases the urine excretion. If the drug is administered in the evening/night, it may result in nocturia. Nocturia is a condition in which the patient need to get up many times during the night to urinate. So it is recommended to administer diuretics early in the morning.
#4. Which of the following drug is used to prevent blood clotting during hemodialysis procedure?
Explanation: Anticoagulation in routine hemodialysis consists of a standard dose of heparin given as a bolus at the start of the dialysis treatment with a mid-treatment dose to maintain suitable anticoagulation.
#5. Increased suicidal tendency is associated with
Explanation: Low levels of serotonin (5-HT) in brain are associated with depression and suicidal behavior. High level of serotonin is associated with anxiety
#6. Following are clinical features of organophosphorus poisoning, except
Explanation: The typical toxidrome in organophosphate (OP) poisoning comprises of the Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, Gastric cramps, Emesis (SLUDGE) symptoms. The organophosphorus poisoning compounds cause an acute cholinergic syndrome by inhibit esterase enzyme; in particular acetylcholinesterase (AChE) that results in excessive acetylcholine and cholinergic overstimulation which is characterized by respiratory depression (hypoventilation, respiratory failure), unconsciousness, sweating, pin point pupil and many other symptoms.
#7. Yellow colour code is used for which type of hospital waste?
Explanation: According to Indian Society of Hospital waste management (ISHWM- July, 2018), Yellow color coded container is used to dispose the Cat 1, 2, 3 and cat 6 waste (Human and animal waste, microbial and biological waste, and soiled waste).
#8. An example of an objective data is
Explanation: Objective data are measurable and overt data (“signs”) obtained through observations, physical examination and diagnostic examinations. Whereas subjective data are the information from patient’s point of views (“symptoms”) including feelings, perceptions and concerns obtained through interview.
#9. Which of the following statements is TRUE with regard to leadership?
Explanation: Autocratic leadership also known as authoritarian leadership is a leadership style characterized by individual control over all decisions and on the group members
#10. An immunologic reaction to a drug to which a person has already been sensitized is known as
Explanation: A drug allergy is the abnormal reaction of the immune system to a medication. Drug tolerance refers to patient’s reduced reaction to a drug following its repeated use. Drug intolerance or drug sensitivity refers to an inability to tolerate the adverse effects of a medication. Drug toxicity refers to gradual accumulation of too much of a drug in the blood stream.
#11. Which among the following is a complication of spinal anesthesia ?
Explanation: The most common neurological complications after spinal anesthesia are postural puncture headache and hypotension. Hypotension after spinal anesthesia is a physiological consequence of sympathetic blockade
#12. The following diseases can be transmitted by water and food, Except
Explanation: Cholera is a bacterial infection that causes diarrhea. The cholera bacterium (Vibrio Cholerae) is usually found in water or food that has been contaminated with feces. Poliovirus and hepatitis-A virus are also transmitted through water and food via the femoral route. Hepatitis C is transmitted through blood and blood products.
#13. The concept of health which emphasizes that health is a ‘sound mind in a sound body in a sound family in a sound environment’ is
Explanation: The health has been described by various scientists according to their concept of viewing the health. The ecologist viewed health as a harmonious equilibrium between man and environment. The physical concept of health describes health as a state of wellfunctioning of the body and psychological concept describes health as absence of mental illness. The Holistic concept of health is viewed as a multidimensional process involving wellbeing of the whole person in the context of his environment
#14. The agent factor responsible for the occurrence of a disease includes:
Explanation: According to Beings theory factors responsible for occurrence of disease are Biological factors, behavioural factors, environmental factors as physical, chemical and biological aspects of environment, immunological factors, nutritional factors, Genetic factors, social factors, spiritual factors, service factors related to various aspects of health services.
#15. Providing health education about the environmental hygiene to the community people is an example of
Explanation: Social communication or pragmatics is the way in which children uses language with social situations. Structural communication is an instructional approach which provides a stimulated dialogue between author of instructional materials and students. Therapeutic communication is the face to face process of interacting that focuses on advancing physical and emotional wellbeing of patient. Formal communication is exchange of official information vertically or horizontally.
#16. The functions of community are
Explanation: The functions of community include socialization, social control, social participation and mutual support
#17. The following are the data collection techniques used in the community assessment, EXCEPt
Explanation: There are various techniques used in community assessment for collection of data includes questionnaires, focus group, interviews, case studies, observations. Organization and comparisons of problems is not a data collection technique but a method of analysis.
Results
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